Healthcare explained: Spain vs the UK for British citizens

For many UK citizens, the appeal of Spain’s sunshine, relaxed lifestyle, and laidback culture makes it a popular choice for relocation or long-term stays.

Yet one major concern that often arises is: how does the Spanish healthcare system compare to the NHS, and will you still have access to healthcare once you move?

Understanding how the Spanish healthcare system works, its structure, costs, and access rules for British nationals after Brexit, is essential for anyone planning to live or retire in Spain.

In this guide, we’ll break down the main differences between the NHS and Spain’s public healthcare system, explain your options for coverage, and outline everything you need to know before making the move.

With clear information and the right preparation, you can feel confident about your healthcare arrangements and enjoy your new life in Spain.

The UK’s National Health Service (NHS)

The NHS has been an active part of the UK since 1948, providing healthcare for everyone who lives there.

The idea is a simple one; care is free when you need it, no matter how much you earn.

It’s paid for through taxes, so everyone contributes.

You usually start by registering with a local GP, who looks after most health issues, prescribes medication, and refers you to specialists when needed.

The system aims to be fair, but waiting times for non-urgent appointments or treatments can vary, sometimes taking weeks or even months, depending on where you live.

The NHS covers most medical needs, including emergency care, maternity services, mental health support, and treatment for chronic conditions.

However, dental and eye care often involve extra costs or part-payments.

For many people in the UK, the NHS is seen as a dependable safety net that offers peace of mind when it comes to healthcare.

Spanish healthcare system: What expats need to know

Spain has two main types of healthcare: the public Spanish healthcare system (known as the Sistema Nacional de Salud, or SNS) and private health services.

The public system is known for its high standards and is funded through social security payments and taxes, much like the NHS in the UK.

If you work in Spain and pay into its social security, or if you’re a state pensioner or a dependent, you can usually use the public healthcare system.

Services are managed at the regional level, so the way things are organised may be slightly different depending on where in Spain you live.

For most everyday healthcare, you’ll register at a local Centro de Salud (health centre), where you’ll see a family doctor (GP), nurses, and sometimes specialists who can refer you for other treatments if needed.

Many Brits moving to Spain also choose private medical insurance on top of public healthcare.

Private insurance can mean shorter waiting times for appointments.
You may have more flexibility when choosing doctors or hospitals.
Access to English-speaking medical staff is often available with private cover.
Extra insurance can give reassurance and added comfort while settling into your new life in Spain.

How the systems differ and what it means for Brits in Spain

For UK citizens planning a move to Spain, it’s important to understand how the NHS and the Spanish healthcare system differ.

Both offer publicly funded care, but the NHS is completely free at the point of use.

In the Spanish healthcare system, public medical treatment is mostly free for those who qualify, though there are often small charges for prescriptions, which are often reduced for pensioners.

Dental and eye care are usually not included in the public Spanish healthcare system, so you’ll need to pay privately or arrange additional insurance.

To access public healthcare in Spain, you register at your local Centro de Salud (health centre), where you’ll be assigned a GP who coordinates your care and specialist referrals.

Understanding how the Spanish healthcare system works helps you plan your move and ensures you know what to expect for medical care in Spain.

Accessing public healthcare as a Brit

Post-Brexit, the rules have changed for Brits in Spain.

If you receive a UK state pension or certain benefits, the S1 form is your key.

It allows the UK to cover your healthcare costs so you can access Spain’s public system just like a resident.

You can apply through the NHS Business Services Authority.

Why Consider Private Healthcare?

Pros of Private Insurance in the Spanish Healthcare System:

Faster appointments and treatment.
Wider choice of doctors and hospitals.
English-speaking medical staff are often available.
Covers extras like dental and vision.

Cons to Consider:

Policy limits and exclusions may apply.
Co-pays (copagos) can add to costs.
Pre-existing conditions might not be covered.

Practical tips for setting up healthcare in Spain

Sorting out your healthcare is a key part of your immigration journey to Spain.

With expert help from Delaguía y Luzón, you can navigate every step smoothly:

Residency unlocks your healthcare options. Delaguía y Luzón guides you in securing your NIE, residency certificate or TIE card, and S1 if you’re eligible.
We can aid in finding your GP and getting you started at your local centro de salud.

With Delaguía y Luzón, your move to Spain and access to the Spanish healthcare system are easier and stress-free.

Choosing the right healthcare path for you

Choosing between the NHS and the Spanish healthcare system comes down to your needs:

The NHS offers free care, while Spain provides strong public healthcare plus private options for speed and choice.
Your best option depends on your age, health, work, and residency status.
Research, talk to expats, and get advice from experts or brokers.
With the right plan, you’ll enjoy Spain’s excellent healthcare and your new life abroad.

Spanish healthcare system vs. UK healthcare: What British nationals need to Know